Machine for making cotter-pins.



No'. 803,525. PATBNTED 00T. 31, 1905.

. I.D.00I PAGE. MACHINE IOR MAKING GUTTER PINS.

APPLICATION FILED 00T. 15, 1904.A

8 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

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N0. 803,525. PATENTED OCT. 3l, 1905. P. D. COPPAGB.

MACHINE FOR MAKING CUTTER PINS.

APPLICATION FILED 00T. 15, 1904.

8 SHEETSWSHEET 2.

ATTORNEYS No. 803,525. PATENTED OCT. 3l, 1905.

F. D. GOPPAGE. MACHINE FOP. MAKING CUTTER PINS.

APPLIGATION FILED 0012.15, 1904.

s SHEETS-SHEET s.

BVM.

100.003,52'5. PATBNTED 00T. 31, 1905.

F. D. GOPPAGE.

MACHINE FOR MAKING CUTTER PINS.

APPLIOATION FILED 00T.15, 1904.

8 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

IHIHHHH 0 wl 3858. /NVENoR j a, M F$ @ojo/@yo W B maa/YQ ATTORNEYSNo..803,525. PATENTED OCT. 3l, 1905. F D. COPPAGB.

MACHINE FOR MAKING COTTER PINS.

APPLIoATIoN H'Lnn 001215, 1904.

8 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

ATTORNEYS No 803,525. PATENTBD OCT. 31, 1905.

P. D. COPPAGE.

MACHINE FOR MAKING CUTTER PINS.

APPLICATION FILED 00T. 15, 1904.

s SHEETS-SHEET e.

W/TNES ma. M MM /1 TTORNEVS PATENTED OCT. 31, 1905.

P. D. COPPAGB. MACHINE FOR MAKING CUTTER PINS.

APPLIOATION FILED oo'r,15, 1904.

8 SHEETS-SHEET '1.

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mb m I/VVENTOR .mw/www ATYORNEYS No. 803,525. PATENTED 00T. 31, 1905. F.D. GOPPAGE. MACHINE FOR MAKING CUTTER PINS.

. APPLICATION FILED OCT. 15, 1904.

8 SHEBTH-SHBET 8.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

FREDRIOK D. OOPPAGE, OF TERRE HAUTE, INDIANA, ASSIGNOR OF ONE- HALF TOWALTER A. PHILLIPS, OF TERRE HAUTE, INDIANA.

MACHINE FOR MAKING COTTER-PINS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented oct. 31, 1905.

Application tiled October 15,1904. Serial No. 228,635.

To (1,17/ Y[1171,0771/ t may concern:

Be it known that I, FREDRICK D. OoPPAGE, a citizen of the United States,and a resident of Terre Haute, in the county ofVigo and State ofIndiana, have invented an Improved Machine for Making Cotter-Pins, ofwhich the following is a speciiication.

My invention is an improvement in machines for making what are known ascotter-pins or devices formed by bending a wire blank midway of itslength to form an eye, the two arms or legs being brought together andtheir ends pointed.

The invention is embodied in certain improvements in the partshereinafter described,

the novel features being pointed out in the claims.

The machine is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which`Figure 1 is a perspective view of the entire machine. Fig. 2 is mainly aside view, a portion being in section on the line2 2 of Fig. 1. Fig. 3is a view of the opposite side of the machine from that shown in Fig. 2.Fig. 4 is mainly a plan view of the machine. Fig. 5 is a plan view ofthe blank-lifter and bending or forming jaws, together with adjacentportions of the bed and means for operating the jaws. Fig. 6 is mainly afront elevation, parts being shown in section, of the blankbending'jaws, the wire cutters or shears, and the blank-lifter. Fig. 7 is avertical longitudinal section of the machine, taken practically throughthe center thereof. Fig. 8 is a plan View illustrating the coaction ofthe blank, the bending-jaws, and other cooperating adjacent parts. Fig.9 is a perspective view of the blank-lifter. Fig. 10 is a longitudinalvertical section of the machine` taken substantially on the line 1() 10of Fig. 4. Fig. 1l is a perspective View illustrating the means foroperating the holder or guide in which works the former around which theCotter-blank is bent. Fig. 12 is a detail vertical section illustratingthe means for reciprocating the device by which the Cotter-pin ispointed. is a vertical longitudinal section illustrating the means bywhich the blank-lifter is raised. Fig. 14 is a view illustratingadjustable springbearings for one of the rolls by which the wire is fedto the cutter. Fig. 15 is a detail view illustrating the cutters o rshears for severing the blank. Fig. 16 is a View illustrat- Fig. 13

ing the rotary pointing device. Fig. 17 is a View of the Cotter-pinformed by the machine.

The working parts of the machine are attached to or supported upon aplatform or bed 1, which is preferably L-shaped and supported by legs 1aor any other suitable means.

The automatic operation of the machine depends upon a rotary shaft 2,which is journaled on the rear portion of the platform 1 and providedwith a balance-wheel 3 and in practice with a driven pulley. (Notshown.) It is to be understood that the shaft 2 will be driven by anysuitable motor. Upon this shaft is mounted a series of cams, by whichcertain portions of the mechanism are operated, and the same is alsoprovided at one end with a crank 4, which imparts intermittent action tothe means for feeding the wire rv, from which the blanks to form thecotterpins are successively severed by cutters 5 and 6. (See Figs. 1 and10.) The wire is guided through grooved feed-rolls 7 and 8 by means ofgrooved guide-rollers 9, which are journaled under the lateral arm ofthe platform 1. The feed-rolls 7 and 8 are provided with spurgears 9',and the roll 7 is provided with a bevel-gearlO. (SeeFigs. land 2.) Thebevelgear 11 is arranged vertically and meshes with the gear 10, itbeing mounted loose on the short shaft 12, having its bearings inpendent portions of the supplemental bed 1b, which is attached to theunder side of the main bed but projects from the front thereof, as shownbest in Fig. 1. The ratchet-wheel 13 is attacheol to the gear 11, so asto rotate therewith. As shown best in Fig. 2,A a lever-arm 14 is mountedloose on the shaft 12 and provided with a pawl 15, which engages theratchet 13. A rod 16 connects the lever-arm 14 with the crank 4 of thedriving-shaft 2. It is apparent that the rotation of the driving-shaft 2will impart a reciprocating movement to the lever-arm 14, and thatthrough the medium of the pawl, ratchet, and bevelgear 11 intermittentrotary motion will be imparted to the feed-rolls .7 and 8, and thatthereby the wire will be advanced intermittently to the cutters 5 and 6.

For the purpose of regulating the pressure between the feed-rolls 7 and8 I provide the following means: The roll 7 is supported upon a journal,having its bearings in the bed 1 and supplemental bed 1b and is thus IOOfixed in position. The other roll 8 is adapted for adjustment by reasonof the fact that its journal passes through slots in the supplementalbed 1b and a bracket secured in position above the same and has itsbearing in plates 17, (see Fig. 14,) which plates are adjustable andprovided with bow-springs 18, against which set-screws 19 bear, the samepassing through lugs 20, formed on the supplemental bed 1" and thebracket 1. 1t is obvious that by manipulating the screws 19 the tensionof the springs 18 may be regulated to the required degree and thepressure between the feed-rolls 7 and 8 changed corresponding-ly.

The cutters or shears by which the blank is severed from the wire .frare formed by a fixed and movable part, as will now be described. Thefixed cutter 6(see Figs. 1 and 10) is practically a steel plateprojecting from a suitable support in the front of the bed 1 vandprovided with a slot (see Fig. 15) through which the wire a' is fed. Themovable cutter 5 is practically a similar plate provided with a holewhich is brought into coincidence with the slot in the cutter 6 to allowthe passage of the wire and having a pendent arm 5, which is connectedby a ratchet 21 with the arm of the rock-shaft 22. Thelatter, as shownin Figs. 2, 3, 4, and 10, is journaled in the bracket 22@ pendent fromthe bed 1 and provided at one end with a lever-arm 28, which is actedupon by a cam 24, and at the other end with asimilar arm 25, which isconnected with one of the legs or supports of the machine by means of aspiral spring 26. The function of the spring is to hold the movableshear or cutter 5 in such position that the hole therein through whichthe wire is fed will be in coincidence with the open slot in the cutter6, and when the cam 24 comes into action it rocks the shaft 22, andthereby rotates the movable cutter 5, so as to shear or sever a blankfrom the wire. rlhe blank falls upon the holder and lifter 27. (SeeFigs. 1, 5, 7, and 9.) It will be understood that just previous to theaction of the movable cutter 5 the wire a' projects through the twocutters to the length required, which is determined by means of a stop28, (see Fig. 5,) which is y secured by means of a screw 28, passingthrough a slot in its shank. The holder 27 has a horizontal portion ortable upon which are arranged vertical projections 29 and a cylindricalshank 30, which works in a guidebracket 31, attached to and pendent fromthe bed 1. The vertical projections 29 of the lifter 27 are separatedfrom the front of the bed by a narrow space suiiicient to accommodatethe blank, and into this space the blank falls when severed. The nextstep is the elevation or Vertical movement of the lifter 27 for carryingthe blank up to the bending and forming devices. This is effected bymeans of the trussed lever 32 and cam 33, (see Figs.

- 7 and 13,) the cam being keyed on the shaft 2 and acting upon the rearand shorter arm of the lever, which is fulcrumed in a hanger 34,

attached to the bed 1. The lifter 27 is held normally depressed by aspring 35, (see Fig. 1,) and the cam 33 is so arranged with reference tothe cam 24, that operates the shears, and the crank 4, that operates thefeed mechanism, that the lifter 27 is raised at the right time orimmediately followingthe shearing action of the cutters. The liftercarries the blank up between the former 36 (see Figs. 1 and 8) and thefaces of the bending-jaws 37 and the fixed abutment 38, arranged betweenthe jaws. (See especially Fig. 5.) As shown, thejaws 37 are pivotedoppositely or at adjacent points 89 and are practically L-shaped. Whenin the retracted position, (shown in full lines, Fig'. 5,) the faces ofthe jaws are alined. As shown, they are provided with tranverse grooves40, and the abutment 38 has a coincident groove for receiving the blank.The former 36 is in the nature of a cylindrical land conical piu, whichis arranged directly in front of the abutment 38, so that when the blankis lifted it is forced between it and the said abutment and received inthe aforesaid groove, being held there by friction and pressure, as willbe readily understood. The lifter 27 then recedes to its normalposition, (shown in Figs. 1 and 6,) and the bending-jaws come intoaction. As shown best in Figs. 4 and 5, the Shanks of the jaws arepivotally connected by bars 41 with a slidable plunger 42, the latterworking in suitable guide 43 and acted upon by the cam 44 against thetension of the spring 45-that is to say, while the cam which is mountedon the shaft 2 serves to advance the plunger 42, and thereby actuatesthe jaws, as will be presently described, the spring serves merely toretract the jaws, as will be readily understood. The cam acts upon theantifriction-roller 42, which is journaled in the adjacent end of theplunger 42. 1t will be seen that the bars 41 are practicallytoggle-levers and that the more widely they are separated as the plunger42 advances the greater is the leverage applied until the faces of thejaws TOO IIO

are brought together and closed upon the blank, as shown by dottedlines, Fig. 5. (See also Fig. 8.) It will be understood that in thisoperation the central portion of the blank' shaped and pointed, and theguide is clamped in a horizontal reciprocable carrier 47 by means of aclamp-screw 48. The said carrier is practically a bar adapted to slideon the guide 49 and operated from the crank of a rock-shaft 50 by meansof a rod 51. (See Fig. 11.) The said shaft 50 has its bearings in thebracket 52, supported upon the bed 1, and is provided with a rigidlever-arm 53, that rests upon a cam 54. It is obvious that the rotationof the cam 54 will rock the shaft 50. and thus impart reciprocation tothe horizontal carrier 47 through the medium of the connecting-rod 51,and it will be further understood that when the cam 54 reaches itshighest point its action will draw the former 36 close to the front orface of the jaws 37. It is while the former is so held that the jaws areactuated for bending` the blank around it, as before described. As thecam 54 continues to rotate the weighted arm 53 will fall, (or bedepressed by the action of a spring, if found necessary.) and thereby,thc

shaft 50 rocking in a reverse direction to that before stated, thecarrier 47 will move the former 36 so as to release the cotter-pin fromcontact with the abutment 38. At this time the Cotter-pin will stilladhere to lthe former 36 by friction, and it is therefore necessary thatthe lformer be drawn upward in order to free it from the Cotter-pin. Itis for this purpose it is adapted to slide in the vertical guide 46,(see Fig. 7,) and the action is produced in the following manner: Asshown in Figs. 1, 2, 3, and lO, links 55 connect the former with a lever56, which is pivoted in a rigid bracket 57, its rear end being curveddownward and extended horizontally to adapt it for coaction with the cam58 and it being held in working contact therewith by means of a spring59. (See Figs. 2 and 3.) It-will be understood that the spring retractsthe former 36 through the coaction of the lever 56 and link 55 when thecam 58 is in its lowest position and that the former is moved down againfor engagement with the blank when the cam is at its highest position.The first or retracted position is shown in Fig. 10, while in Fig. 7 theformer 36 is shown at its lowest position, but not in the nearestposition to the jaws 37.

As has already been stated, the wire is arrested when forced through thecutters by means of an adjustable stop 28 (see Fig. 5) and when severedfalls upon the lifter 27. For the purpose of guiding the blank in itsforward movement as the lifter is raised and preventing it from movingendwise to the slightest degree I provide vertical guides 60, (see Figs.l, 4, and 8,) the same being' formed of narrow right-angular plates, onearm of which is arranged vertical and the other horizontal. Thehorizontal arm is connected adjustably by slot and screw 61 with rods62, which extend back and are rigidly connected with the arms 63,forming an attachment of the slidable plunger 42. Thus the rods 62 andthe guides 60 move with the plunger, and consequently with the jaws 37-that is to say, when the blank is being lifted the guides 60 are closeup to the bed and practically in contact with the faces of the jaws 37:but when the jaws begin to act on the blank they bend it into therequired form, the plunger being' advanced for this purpose, and it isobvious that the guides 60 will be moved away or directly outward fromthe jaws, since they have no longer any function.

As before stated, while the pin formed by the bending of the wire around`the former 36 is still held between the jaws 37 the device forpointing` itis advanced and operated. This ,device is formed (see Figs.1 and 16) by means of a notched cutter 62 and a rotary head 63, to whichit is attached. The said head has a conical socket 64, which receivesthe point of the Cotter-pin, and as the head is rotated the edge of thecutter 62 acts thereon for shaving off a portion, and thus making itconical to the required degree. rlhe said head is part of a rotary shaft65, which is mounted in a bearing 67 and is provided with a fast pulley68, to which rotation is imparted by a belt from a suitable motor. rlhebearing 67 has an enlarged base which is adapted to slide in a guideway69, forming an attachment of the supplemental bed 1b. The bearing 67 isnormally retracted by a spiral spring 70, and the same is advanced formoving the pointing device up to the cotter-pin by means of a rod 71(see Fig. 12) and a cam 72, which is keyed upon the shaft 2-that is tosay, the cam 72 moves the rod 71 in direction of the arrow, Fig. l2, andin opposition to the tension of the spring 70, which when the pointingof the cotter-pin has been effected retract-s the pointing device to itsnormal position; As shown in Fig. 12, the rear upper portion of the rod71 rests upon the bed 1 and is slotted and provided with a guide-screw73, so that it is held in due alinement with the cam.

To recapitulate, the operation of the machine is as follows: The wirehaving been introduced between the feed-rollers 7 8 and inserted in thecoincident openings ofthe cutters 5 6, through the rotation of the shaft2 the ratchet-lever 14 is operated to rotate the feed-rollers 7 8,whereby the'wire is fed through the cutters and up to the adjustablestop 28, whereupon the movable cutter 5 is actuated to sever the blankto the required length, which falls upon the lifter 27 and behind thevertical projections 29 thereof. At this time the vertical guides 6()are in the position indicated in Fig. lethat is to say, close up to theedge of the bed 1 and practically in contact with the faces of the jaws37. 'lhe lifter 27 is raised and carries the blank up between the guides60 and into the space between the former 36 and the liXed abutment 38and the alined faces of the jaws until it rests in the grooves 40 in thelatter. It will be understood that at this time the carrier 47,

IOO

in which the former 36 is supported, is retracted so that there is onlysufficient space between it and the jaws to allow the blank to be thusforced upward. In order to allow such upward movement of the blank, thepoint of the former is made conical, as shown in Figs. l and 7. It willbe noted (see Fig. l) that the vertical projections or lugs 29 of theblank-lifter are separated correspondingly by a space sufficient toreceive the former 36 as the lifter rises. 'lhe next action is thevadvancement of the plunger 42, by which the right-angular jaws 37 areswung on their pivots 39 (see Fig. 8) and the blank thus bent at itscentral point around the former 36 until the faces of the jaws meet,whereby the cotterpin is practically formed complete, save the conicalpoint, which is produced by subsequent action of the pointing device, asbefore described. The pointing having been eected, the carrier in whichthe former 36 is held is advanced, so as to carry the former slightlyaway from the abutment 38, and the jaws are also retracted while theformer is raised to free it entirely from the completed cotter-pin,which then drops into a suitable receptacle provided for the purpose.

/Vhat I claim isl. The combination, with 'the bed of the machine,of afixed abutment thereon,a former arranged vertically in front of theabutment and spaced therefrom so as to receive and closely embrace ablank, devices arranged adjacent for bending' the blank around theformer, and a vertically-movable device for carrying` the blank into thespace between the former and the abutment, substantially as described.

2. The combination, with the pivoted jaws having horizontal grooves intheir faces, an intermediate abutment having a coincident groove, aformer located in front of the abutment and spaced therefrom so as toreceive and embrace a blank, and a vertically-movable device adapted forcarrying the blank into said grooves and behind the former,substantially as described.

3. The combination, with the pivoted jaws, a former for bending a blankto form a cotter-pin as described, and means for raising the blank intoengagement with the former, of vertical guides which are pendentopposite each other on each side of the former, means for operating thejaws, and means connecting them with said guides whereby the latter aremovable forward out of the way of the jaws as the latter close upon theblank, substantially as described.

4. The combination, with a fixed abutment and a former arranged in frontthereof, and means for raising the blank into the space between theformer and the abutment, of jaws pivoted adjacently and adapted forbending a blank around the former, a horizontallyslidable carrierinwhich the former is held, and means for moving the said carrier for thepurpose of adjusting the former close to or farther from the abutmentand the jaws, as required to hold a blank and release the completed pin,substantially as described.

5. The combination, with a fixed abutment the former arranged verticallyand jaws pivoted adjacently equidistantly and adapted to act upon ablank for imparting the required shape, and means for raising a blankinto engagement. with the former, a horizontallymovable carrier for theformer the latter being vertically slidable therein, and means arrangedin connection with the said former and its carrier for adjusting ittoward and from the abutment and lifting it vertically at requiredtimes, substantially as described.

6. The combination, with a fixed abutment l and a former which isnormally pendent in front thereof, and spaced therefrom substantiallythe thickness of the stock so as to grip it when in one position,grooved jaws pivoted adjacent to the former and on opposite sides of theabutment contiguous to its face, a carrier for the former which ismovable horizontally, the former bei-ng also movable vertically, arock-shaft, and means for connecting it with said carrier, an armrigidly connected with the said rock-shaft and operated by a rotary cam,and a spring holding it in contact therewith, a pivoted lever and linksfor connecting it with the former, and a rotary cam and spring foractuating the former vertically, substantially as described.

FREDRICK D. COPPAGE.

litnessesz TALTER A. PHILLIPS, MAT'HE J H MRBERT.

